The Bush administration and its European allies will soon have to make some tough decisions on what to do about Iran’s nuclear ambitions. Iran’s extensive program to develop an independent nuclear fuel cycle has reached a point where, short of a radical counter-revolution, no future Iranian government will be prepared to dismantle it. The focus of current negotiations between Iran on the one hand, and the United States and the European Union on the other, is whether the Islamic Republic would be willing to end some activities, such as uranium enrichment, in exchange for assistance with its nuclear power program.