A. Introduction

1. On 21 November 2024, the Board of Governors (Board) adopted resolution GOV/2024/68 entitled NPT Safeguards Agreement with the Islamic Republic of Iran in which the Board, inter alia, reiterated “its profound concern that Iran has still not provided necessary, full and unambiguous cooperation with the Agency and has not taken the essential and urgent actions as decided by the Board in its June 2024 resolution, with the consequence that safeguards issues remain outstanding despite numerous interactions with the Agency since 2019, with serious implications for the Agency’s ability to ensure verification of the non-diversion of nuclear material required to be safeguarded under Iran’s NPT Safeguards Agreement to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices”.

2. The Board also requested the Director General “to produce a comprehensive and updated assessment on the possible presence or use of undeclared nuclear material in connection with past and present outstanding issues regarding Iran’s nuclear programme, including a full account of Iran’s cooperation with the IAEA on these issues, addressing the Agency’s ability to verify Iran’s implementation of its safeguards obligations including the non-diversion of nuclear material, based on all information available, for consideration by the March 2025 Board of Governors or at the latest by spring 2025”. This report is in response to the Board’s request.

3. The assessment contained in this report is based upon an evaluation of all safeguards-relevant information available to the Agency in exercising its rights and fulfilling its safeguards obligations pursuant to the NPT Safeguards Agreement with the Islamic Republic of Iran (Iran).

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