Four sanctioned, Iran-flagged ships - Hamouna (previously Canreach), Barzin, Shabdis and Rayen - believed to be carrying the missile propellant precursor sodium perchlorate from China have docked at Iranian ports since the start of the war between Iran and the United States and Israel. Another vessel thought to be carrying sodium perchlorate, Zardis, was offshore near Iranian waters. All of the vessels departed from Gaolan port in Zhuhai, China, which contains some of China's largest chemical storage terminals. They were owned by Iran's state-owned shipping company, Islamic Republic of Iran Shipping Lines (IRISL). Most of the ships turned off their Automated Identification System (AIS) at some point during their journey, and two falsely reported their destination as Vietnam.